You are introducing a connected or automated vessel function
Praestegaard Group AB · Maritime expertise worldwide.
Know what can fail before it matters
Independent maritime cyber-risk assessment for shipowners, operators, shipyards and maritime technology suppliers. Identify critical dependencies, unsupported assumptions and evidence gaps before design approval, procurement or operational change.
A confidential, no-obligation first conversation. You do not need a finished scope.
Service coverage
Levels of Autonomy 1 to 4
Autonomy is not a simple transition from crewed to uncrewed operation. Each level creates different relationships between the vessel, crew, shore organisation, systems, suppliers and decision authority.
- LoA1
- LoA2
- LoA3
- LoA4
When to contact us
When change requires a more defensible decision
You are reviewing a newbuild, retrofit or design change
A supplier claim requires independent challenge
Responsibilities are moving between vessel and shore
You need to prepare for connectivity loss or automation failure
Management needs a defensible basis for a decision
01, The shift
Cyber risk changes as autonomy changes
A manned vessel can already depend heavily on connected, automated and remotely supported systems. As autonomous functions increase, responsibilities, control, system dependencies and failure consequences change. We identify these changes before they become operational weaknesses.
02, The assessment
An assessment built for the decision in front of you
We examine the vessel, system, project or scenario as a whole: IT and OT dependencies, automated functions, human oversight, operational consequences, governance, supplier responsibilities and the evidence needed to support a defensible decision.
- 01A prioritised register of credible cyber and operational risks
- 02Clear immediate actions and longer-term mitigations
- 03Missing assumptions, controls and fallback arrangements exposed
- 04Questions and evidence requirements for suppliers and stakeholders
- 05An expert-reviewed management brief and practical roadmap
03, Method
From decision to action plan
01
Define the decision and operational context
02
Review systems, people, dependencies and evidence
03
Prioritise risks and challenge assumptions
04
Deliver actions, mitigations and verification needs
Tangible deliverables
What you receive
- Prioritised risk and dependency register
- Management brief for decision-making
- Immediate and longer-term actions
- Supplier questions and evidence requirements
- Review meeting covering findings and next steps
04, Evidence
Research informed. Expert reviewed.
Our work is grounded in peer-reviewed maritime cybersecurity research and structured sociotechnical analysis. Every client deliverable is professionally reviewed and must be evaluated against the applicable operational context, regulation, classification requirements and engineering constraints.
DOI 10.12716/1001.20.01.2505, Engage
Three ways to work with us
Cyber-risk assessment across LoA 1 to 4
A focused assessment of a vessel, system, project or operational scenario at the applicable Level of Autonomy.
Autonomy transition and design assurance
Independent challenge of new designs, retrofit plans, automated functions, operational concepts and supporting evidence.
Operational preparedness and governance
Structured scenarios and exercises for cyber incidents, system failures, connectivity loss and changes in operational control.
Specialist service
MASS Code readiness
For vessels and projects within the relevant scope, we assess readiness for the non-mandatory IMO MASS Code and its future development. This is a specialist application within our broader work across Levels of Autonomy 1 to 4.
Explore MASS Code readiness06, Leadership
Björn Praestegaard Larsen
Björn Praestegaard Larsen leads each engagement, combining expert judgement, peer-reviewed research and proprietary analytical methods developed for maritime cyber risk across different Levels of Autonomy.
Read more07, Next step
Start with one bounded decision or scenario
Describe the decision, system or operational change you need to assess. We will propose a focused engagement with defined deliverables.
Discuss an assessment